Bacteria live in your mouth in the form of plaque, and cause cavities and gingivitis, which in turn, can lead to periodontal (gum) disease. It is therefore important to practice good oral hygiene every day, so that you mouth remains clean and fresh throughout the day.
Plaque is a sticky layer of material containing bacteria that accumulates on teeth, including areas where a toothbrush cannot reach. Many of the foods we eat cause the bacteria in your mouth to produce acids. Sugary foods are the most obvious sources of plaque, but there are others like starches foods (breads, crackers and cereals) that can cause harm. Plaque also produces substances that irritate the gums, making them red, sensitive, and susceptible to bleeding. This can lead to gum disease, in which gums pull away from the teeth and form pockets that fill with bacteria and pus. If these gums are left untreated, the bone around the teeth can be destroyed and teeth may become loose or have to be removed.
The best way to remove plaque is by brushing and cleaning between your teeth every day. Brushing removes plaque from the tooth surfaces. Brush your teeth twice per day with a soft-bristled brush. The size and shape of your toothbrush should be such that it fits into your mouth and allows you to reach all the areas easily. Use an antimicrobial toothpaste containing fluoride, which helps protect your teeth from decay. Clean between the teeth once a day with floss or interdental cleaners to remove plaque from between the teeth. Flossing is a must to prevent gum disease.
The following techniques are recommended for brushing and flossing your teeth:
A mouth rinse, in addition to daily brushing and flossing, can increase the cleanliness of your mouth. Antimicrobial mouth rinses reduce bacteria and plaque activity, which cause gingivitis and gum disease. Fluoride mouth rinses also help reduce and prevent tooth decay.